Convert pressure units including kgf/cm² to kN/m², kPa to atm and bar to psi. Enter one value and the calculator shows Pa, kPa, MPa, bar, psi, atm, mmHg, kgf/cm², kgf/m², kN/m² and water-column units.
Input
Enter a value and unit. All equivalents appear below. Fast checks: 1 kgf/cm² = 98.0665 kN/m², 1 kN/m² = 1 kPa, 1 atm = 101.325 kPa.
Presets
Results
Reference table
| Value | kPa | MPa | bar | psi | atm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 kN/m² (1 kPa) | 1 | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.14504 | 0.00987 |
| 1 bar | 100 | 0.1 | 1 | 14.504 | 0.9869 |
| 1 atm | 101.325 | 0.1013 | 1.0133 | 14.696 | 1 |
| 1 MPa | 1000 | 1 | 10 | 145.04 | 9.8692 |
| 1 psi | 6.8948 | 0.00689 | 0.06895 | 1 | 0.06805 |
| 1 kgf/cm² | 98.0665 | 0.09807 | 0.9807 | 14.2233 | 0.9678 |
| 1 mmHg | 0.13332 | 0.000133 | 0.001333 | 0.01934 | 0.001316 |
| 100 psi | 689.48 | 0.6895 | 6.8948 | 100 | 6.8046 |
| 10 bar | 1000 | 1 | 10 | 145.04 | 9.8692 |
FAQ
How do I convert kgf/cm² to kN/m²?
Multiply kgf/cm² by 98.0665. Example: 1 kgf/cm² = 98.0665 kN/m² = 98.0665 kPa. To go back, divide kN/m² by 98.0665.
How do I convert kPa to atm?
Divide kPa by 101.325. Example: 250 kPa ÷ 101.325 = 2.467 atm. To convert atm to kPa, multiply by 101.325.
What is the difference between bar and atm?
1 bar = 100,000 Pa exactly, while 1 standard atmosphere (atm) = 101,325 Pa. The two are close but not equal: 1 atm = 1.01325 bar. Bar is a metric unit not in the SI; atm reflects average sea-level atmospheric pressure.
Are mmHg and torr the same?
Yes, for everyday purposes. 1 torr is defined as 1/760 of a standard atmosphere, which equals 133.3224 Pa. 1 mmHg is defined from the density of mercury at 0°C and standard gravity, also 133.3224 Pa. The difference is below 1 part per million and is ignored in practice.
What is kgf/cm² (technical atmosphere)?
kgf/cm² is the pressure exerted by 1 kilogram-force on 1 square centimeter: 1 kgf/cm² = 98,066.5 Pa ≈ 0.9807 bar. It is also called a technical atmosphere (at) and is common on European and Russian pressure gauges for tires, compressors, and hydraulics.
How do I convert psi to kPa?
Multiply psi by 6.8948. For example, a tire pressure of 32 psi = 32 × 6.8948 ≈ 220.6 kPa. To go back, divide kPa by 6.8948.
What is the difference between gauge and absolute pressure?
Absolute pressure is measured from a perfect vacuum. Gauge pressure is measured from local atmospheric pressure, so gauge = absolute − atmospheric (about 101.325 kPa at sea level). A tire reading of 2.2 bar on the gauge corresponds to roughly 3.2 bar absolute. This converter handles the numerical unit conversion; the gauge/absolute distinction is a separate question of reference point.
Why does the converter show kN/m² and N/m²?
N/m² is identical to the pascal (Pa); 1 N/m² = 1 Pa. 1 kN/m² is identical to 1 kPa. These notations appear in structural engineering, soil mechanics, and European load codes, where forces are written in newtons rather than in pascals directly.
Results are calculated using standard SI conversion factors. Values are rounded for display; full precision is preserved internally.
Common checks: 1 kgf/cm² = 98.0665 kN/m² = 98.0665 kPa; 1 kN/m² = 1 kPa; 1 atm = 101.325 kPa = 1.01325 bar; 1 bar = 14.5038 psi. Use gauge/absolute pressure separately: this page converts the unit number, not the reference point.